雅思写作中的语法错误(二)
柳州满分家教讲解雅思写作中的语法错误。
7、词性误用
“词性误用”常表现为:介词当动词用;形容词当副词用;名词当动词用等。比如:None can negative the importance of money.
分析:negative系形容词,误作动词。
改为:None can deny the importance of money.
8、指代不清
指代不清主要讲的是代词与被指代的人或物关系不清,或者先后所用的代词不一致。比如:Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.
读完上面这一句话,读者无法明确地判断两位姑娘中谁将结婚,谁将当伴娘。如果我们把易于引起误解的代词所指代的对象加以明确,意思就一目了然了。这个句子可改为:Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid.
9、悬垂修饰语
所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语与后面句子的逻辑关系混乱不清。比如:At the age of ten, my grandfather died.这句中"at the age of ten"只写出十岁时,但没有说明“谁”十岁时,按一般推理不可能是my grandfather,如果我们把这个悬垂修饰语改得明确一点,读者或考官在读句子时就不会误解了。
改为:When I was ten, my grandfather died.
10、累赘
写句子没有一个多余的词;写段落没有一个无必要的句子。能用单词的不用词组;能用词组的不用从句或句子。比如:In spite of the fact that he is lazy, I like him.
本句的“the fact that he is lazy”系同谓语从句,我们按照上述“能用词组的不用从句”可以改为:In spite of hislaziness, I like him.
比如:For the people who are diligent and kind, money is just the thing to beused to buy the thing they need.
整个句子可以大大简化为:Diligent people use money only to buy what they need.
11、不连贯
不连贯是指一个句子前言不对后语,或是结构上不畅通,这也是考生常犯的毛病。比如:The fresh water, it is the most important things of the earth.
分析:the fresh water与逗号后的it不连贯,it与things在数方面不一致。
12、不间断句子
这个错误的出现受中文意识的影响很大。很多考生在写句子时,句子之间缺乏有效的连接成分。甚至,有的句子写的比较中式化。比如:There are many ways we get to know the outside world.
分析:这个句子包含了两层完整的意思:“there are many ways”以及“we get to know the outside world”。简单地把它们连在一起就不妥当了。
改为:There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或:There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world.
13、措词毛病
考生在写作中没有养成良好的推敲,斟酌句子中所选用词的习惯。大部分考生随心所欲,拿来就用,所以作文中用词不当的错误随处可见。比如:The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.
分析:显然,考生把obstacles“障碍”,“障碍物”误作substance“物质”了。另外“the increasing use(不断增加的使用)”应改为“abusive use(滥用)”。
改为:The abusive use of chemical substances in agriculture also causes/leads to pollution.
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